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أول رد إثيوبي على تلويح السودان باستعادة سيادته على إقليم سد النهضة

جددت أديس أبابا المتعنتة تمسكها بقيادة الاتحاد الأفريقي لمفاوضات سد النهضة، رافضة تصريحات السودان بشأن تبعيّة إقليم “بني شنقول” المُقام عليه السد ووصفتها بأنها “غير مقبولة”.

وكانت الخرطوم لوّحت بإعادة النظر في سيادة إثيوبيا على إقليم “بني شنقول قُمُز” المُقام عليه سد النهضة، متهمة أديس أبابا بمحاولة التنصل من المعاهدات الدولية بشأن مياه النيل وترسيم الحدود بين البلدين، لا سيّما اتفاقية عام 1902، التي ألزمتها بعدم إنشاء أي أعمال على النيل الأزرق كما رسمت الحدود بين البلدين ومنحت إثيوبيا أرض بني شنقول.

وقالت الخارجية السودانية، في بيان، إن التنصل من الاتفاقات السابقة يعني أيضاً أن تتخلى إثيوبيا عن سيادتها على إقليم بني شنقول (موقع سد النهضة) الذي انتقل إليها من السودان 1902، بموجب الاتفاقية التي تعدها إثيوبيا “استعمارية”.

وفي مؤتمره الصحفي الأسبوعي بأديس أبابا، قال المتحدث باسم الخارجية الإثيوبية، السفير دينا مفتي، الثلاثاء: “التصريحات السودانية العدائية مستمرة ولم يكتفِ السودان بالاعتداء على أراض إثيوبية بل انتقل إلى الادعاء بتبعية إقليم سد النهضة”، في محاولة للادعاء بأن السودان هو المعتدي في الخلاف الحدودي بين البلدين.

واعتبر أن تصريحات السودان بشأن تبعية إقليم بني شنقول جوموز “أمر مُخزٍ ونرفضه تمامًا وسنصدر بيانًا مفصلًا حوله”، وزعم أنها تأتي في إطار الضغط على إثيوبيا بخصوص سد النهضة- على حد تعبيره.

وأضاف أن بلاده ستظل تتمسك بقيادة الاتحاد الأفريقي لمفاوضات سد النهضة و”لن تقبل بتحركات السودان لربط مسألة الحدود بهذا الملف”.

ويقع إقليم بنى شنقول غرب البلاد، وتوافقت عليه أديس أبابا لإقامة مشروع سد النهضة فيه على النيل الأزرق، على بُعد نحو 40 كيلو مترا من الحدود السودانية.

ويقطنه قرابة 4 ملايين نسمة، معظمهم من أصول سودانية، وأكثر من نصفهم مسلمون، وما زالت عاداتهم سودانية النزعة رغم محاولات إثيوبيا الدفع بسياسات التغيير الديموغرافي، وتبلغ مساحة الإقليم حوالي 50 ألف كيلومتر مربع.

وتعد قبائل “بنى شنقول”، أكثر القبائل كثافة بالإقليم الذي سُمي باسمها طبقا للدستور الفيدرالي الإثيوبي الذي ينص على تسمية الأقاليم بأكبر جماعة عرقية فيها.

وتتزامن التصريحات الإثيوبية مع جولة يُجريها المبعوث الأمريكي للقرن الأفريقي في كلٍ من مصر وإريتريا والسودان وإثيوبيا لبحث تسوية الأزمة بطريقة سلمية.

تأتي جولة المبعوث الأمريكي بعد أيام من دعوة السفير المصري لدى واشنطن، الولايات المتحدة للتدخل لإنقاذ المفاوضات المتعثرة، في الوقت الذي أعلنت فيه إثيوبيا قرب اكتمال أشغال بناء السد وجددت عزمها بدء التعبئة الثانية كما هو مُخطط له في يوليو المقبل، رغم الرفض المصري السوداني وعدم التوصل لاتفاق قانوني مُلزم يضمن مصالح دولتي المصب.

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